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Transformation
of sentences |
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Affirmative sentence |
Negative sentence |
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every+
noun Every rose
has a thorn. All must die. everybody |
There
is no (Every c‡ii Ask)+but+verb+…… There
is no+( Every c‡ii Ask)+who/which +auxiliary verb +not+ verb There
is no rose which does not have any thorn. There
is no one who will not die. |
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only (e¨w³ Only the rich
are always happy. only (e¯‘/welqevPK kã
Gi †¶‡Î) only
(msL¨v) It is only 10
pm. |
none
but None
but the rich are always happy. nothing but not
more than/not less than It is not more than 10 pm. |
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as soon as |
no
sooner than |
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always(memgq) |
Never
(KLbI bv) |
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Sometimes (gv‡Sgv‡S) |
do
not always/does not always/did not always/not always |
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too
+adjective/adverb +to He is too
dishonest to speak the truth. |
so
+adjective/adverb+ that + g~j ev‡K¨i sub +cannot/could not He
is so dishonest that he cannot speak the truth. |
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too+
adjective/adverb+ for +noun/ pronoun +to The problem
was too tough for us to solve |
so
+adjective/adverb+ that +for Gi c‡ii noun/pronoun subjective form+
cannot +verb The
problem was so tough that we could not solve. |
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must/has
to/have to/need to |
cannot
but/cannot help+ verb+ing |
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had to
/needed to |
could not
but/could not help+ verb+ing |
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Both….and… |
not
only…..but also |
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as…..as |
not
less…..than or no less-----than |
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less….than |
not as…as |
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as
soon as As soon as
the teacher entered the classroom, the student stood up. |
No
sooner …..than +wØZxq clause No sooner had
the teacher entered the classroom than the students stood up. |
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Hardly
….when/before. |
No sooner
…..than + wØZxq clause |
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Scarcely
…..when |
No sooner
…..than + wØZxq clause |
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many She has
written many letters. |
not
a few She has not
written a few letters. |
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many
a |
not
a few |
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a
few The boy had
eaten a few mangoes. |
not
many(msL¨v) The boy had
not eaten many mangoes. |
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few |
not
a single (GKwU I b‡n) |
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|
a
little |
not
much(cwigvY) |
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little |
not
a least(we›`ygvÎ) |
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much You have helped me much. |
not
a little(cwigvY) You have not
helped me a little. |
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Very
much |
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superlative The Padma is the largest river in Bangladesh. |
No other river
in Bangladesh is as large as the Padma. |
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comparative
degree Akbar was as
strong as a lion |
….not
+as+ positive form +as…………….. A
lion was not stronger than Akbar. Or
Akbar was not less strong than a lion. |
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for the last time (‡kl
ev‡ii g‡Zv) |
never….again |
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for ever (wPiZ‡i) |
never…again |
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for good(wPiZ‡i) |
never…again |
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Besides Affirmative: Besides all the mangoes, we also ate the
apples. |
Not only …..but also We ate not only all the mangoes, but also all the
apples. |
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Assertive
sentence |
Interrogative
Sentence |
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To be verb A‡_©i cwieZ©b bv K‡i mvnvh¨Kvixverb hy³ Assertive sentence ‡K Interrogative G iƒcvšÍi Kivi
mgq hw` Sentence wUAffirmative nq Zvn‡j
wbqgwUt |
To be verb+
Subject +not + subject+evKx Ask? Or To be verb
+n’t(not) + subject+evKx Ask? |
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Negative A_©‡evaKAssertive Sentence †KInterrogative Kivi mgqNegative kãwU D‡V hvq Ges
mvnvh¨Kvix verb wU cÖ_‡g
e‡m| |
Affirmative:
You do not know me well. Negative: Do
you know me well? |
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Auxiliary
verb (mvnvh¨vKvix wµqv ) wenxbPresent Indefinite Tense n‡j |
Don’t /does
not+ subject +verb+ evKx Ask? |
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Auxiliary
verb (mvnvh¨vKvix wµqv ) wenxb Past Indefinite Tense n‡j |
Didn’t
+subject +verb (Present form) + evKx Ask? |
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Assertive
sentence GDonot/doesnot/didn’t |
Do not
/doesnot /didn’t_vK‡jInterrogative sentence Kivi
mgq not ev`
hvq+ Sentence Gi ïরু‡Z Do /Does/Did+subject+verb+evwK Ask? |
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ev‡K¨i ïi‡Z None ¯’‡j |
Who
+ verb +sentence Gi evwK Ask? A_ev,Can anyone/could anyone+ sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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ev‡K¨i ïi‡Z No one ¯’‡j |
Who
+verb +sentenceGi evwK Ask? A_ev, Can anyone/does anyone+ verb+ Sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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ev‡K¨i ïi‡Z Nobody ¯’‡j |
Who +sentence Gi evwK Ask? A_ev,Can anybody/could anybody/Does
anybody+ verb+ sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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ev‡K¨i ïi‡Z No man ¯’‡j |
Who
+verb+sentenceGi evwK Ask? A_ev,Can any man/could any man+ does any
man/did any man+ verb+sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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ev‡K¨i ïi‡Z No
person ¯’‡j |
Who
+sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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ev‡K¨i ïi‡Z None ¯’‡j None can do this. |
A_ev, Can anyone/could anybody+ verb +sentenceGi evwK Ask? A_ev, Does anyone/did any one+ verb+ Sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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ev‡K¨i ïi‡Z Everybody Everyone , Every man, All /All men+ verb _vK‡j |
Who does
not/who did not/who can not/who could
not+ verb+ sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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ev‡K¨i ïi‡Z Everybody Everyone , Every man, All/All men+ ‘to be verb (am, is,
are, was, were ) _vK‡j |
Who is
not/who was not + sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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Every+Noun Every mother Every father Every person A_ev All w`‡q evK¨ ïরুn‡j...... |
Is there any+
noun+ who does not +verb+ sentence Gi evwK Ask? Or, Is there any+
noun+ who will not not+ verb+ sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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ev‡K¨i ïi‡Z There is no+
noun |
What+verb+
sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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ev‡K¨i ïi‡Z There is
nobody |
Who+verb+
sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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There is no
use+…noun |
What is the
use of + sentence Gi evwK Ask? |
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There is
nobody +adjective+ than |
Who is +
adjective +than+……..? |
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ev‡K¨i ïi‡Z It is of no
use |
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Nothing but |
Anything |
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Nothing but |
What ……but? |
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Universal
truth (wPišÍb mZ¨) |
Negative
interrogative sentence |
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Sometimes |
Did not
always/does not always/do not always |
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Never (KLb I bv) |
Ever (wPiw`b) |
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Assertive
sentence |
Imperative
sentence |
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First
person(I, we,)/third person(He, she, Karim, they) w`‡q ïi“ n‡j |
Let+
sub Gi objective form +verb (present form) + evwK Ask |
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First
person(I, we,)/third person(He, she, Karim, they) w`‡q ïi“ n‡jt Subject+ I…. Subject+ We…. Subject+3rd Person
(He, she, they) |
Let+
sub Gi objective form +not+ verb (present form)+ evwK Ask (LetGi ci pronoun Giobjective case nq I verb mv‡_s/es hy³ nq bv|) Subject+ me+
Principal verb Let+ us+
Principal verb Let +3rd
Person +Principal verb |
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You do not+
verb |
Don’t +verb |
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You must
+verb |
verb+ evwK Ask
+evwK Ask |
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You must not
+verb |
Don’t +verb + evwK Ask |
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You ought to
+verb+ |
verb+ evwK Ask |
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You ought not
to +verb |
Don’t +verb+ evwK Ask |
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You should
not+ verb |
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You are
requested to+ verb |
Verb+ evwK Ask + Please. |
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You are
requested not to +verb |
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You should
always +verb |
Always +verb+ evwK | ||
You should never
+verb |
Never +verb+ evwK Ask |
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We should+
verb |
Let’s +verb+ evwK Ask |
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I request you
to +verb |
Please + verb
+object/complement |
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I advise you
to +verb+ |
Please +verb+
object/complement |
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You should+
verb +object |
Please +verb
+object/complement |
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You are wanted
to+ verb+ object |
Verb +object |
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Assertive
sentence |
Exclamatory
sentence |
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What +a/an+
adjective /adverb +adjunct +subject+ aux. verb (am /is/are/ was/ were)/ main
verb+! (Exclamation mark) |
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I wish I
were+ |
Had I been +(hv nZvg)! Or, If I
were+(hv nZvg)! Or, Were +I
+(hv nZvg)! Or, Would
that I were+(hv nZvg)! |
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I wish I had+ I earnestly
desire to +verb+ other words. |
Had +I+(hv _vKZ)! Or, If I
had+(hv _vKZ)! Would that I
had+(hv _vKZ)! |
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very/a lot of |
How+
adjective/adverb+….+sub +verb! |
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a very/a
great/a most |
What a/an+
adjective/adverb+….+sub +verb! |
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Sub+ wish
+to……+ Subject+
desire to….+ Subject+ long
for… Subject+ want
to…. |
If +subject
+could +verb+evwK Ask! |
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We rejoice
that |
Hurrah!+
sentence Gi evwK Ask. |
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It is a
matter of joy that |
Hurrah!+
sentence Gi evwK Ask |
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It is a
matter of great pleasure that |
Hurrah!+
sentence Gi evwK Ask |
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We are happy
that |
Hurrah!+
sentence Gi evwK Ask |
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It is a great
joy that |
Bravo! sentence Gi evwK Ask |
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I regret that |
Alas! +
sentence Gi evwK Ask |
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It is a
matter of sorrow that |
Alas! +
sentence Gi evwK Ask |
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We are sorry
that |
Alas! +
sentence Gi evwK Ask |
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It is said
that |
Alas! +
sentence Gi evwK Ask |
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M.
ERSHAD ALAM B.A (Hon’s),
B.Ed, M.A in English Asst.
Teacher, English
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